The different methods of restraining an opponent are divided into three categories; katame waza (restraining techniques), shime waza (strangulation techniques) and kansetsu waza (joint locking techniques).
The term ne waza is commonly used in place of katame waza, but the terms are not interchangeable. Ne waza refers to techniques applied when lying on the mat, and many of the shime waza and kansetsu waza can be applied to a standing opponent. The term katame refers to a technique which secures an opponent, which is not neccessarily the same as pinning an opponent down on the mat.
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